Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system. Each of these types distinguishes between acute and chronic pancreatitis and has its own characteristics and methods of treatment.
Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system. Each of these types distinguishes between acute and chronic pancreatitis and has its own characteristics and methods of treatment.
However, one thing remains unchanged with pancreatitis: the old way of life and diet will remain in the past, as the basis for the treatment of pancreatitis is an almost lifelong diet. The pancreas does not forgive nutritional errors and reacts immediately with pain and indigestion.
Basics of pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is an acquired disease. It arises from an abdominal trauma, viral damage to the pancreas due to a disorder of the liver and gallbladder after poisoning with alcohol and other toxic substances with frequent and severe nutritional disorders - prolonged fasting, sitting on diets for weight loss.
The main signs of pancreatitis are:
- abdominal pain - sharp, dagger, almost to the point of unconsciousness in acute pancreatitis, or dull or painful in the chronic version;
- nausea and vomiting;
- stool disorders, frequent severe diarrhea, fever;
- drastic weight loss.
Acute pancreatitis is usually hospitalized. Chronic exacerbations can be treated at home, but only under medical supervision. Self-medication in pancreatitis is dangerous with the development of complications up to and including pancreatic necrosis (enzymatic melting of the glandular tissue, self-digestion of the gland) and the development of fatal peritonitis.
Nutritional therapy for pancreatitis
Drug, enzymatic and dietary therapy for pancreatitis is selected by a doctor based on the patient's condition and test data. However, the general principles of nutritional correction always remain roughly the same. They give rest to the digestion and pancreas, which means that they relieve pain and normalize well-being.
The diet for pancreatitis is severely restricted - most common products have to be forgotten.It is necessary to eat frequently, about 5-6 times a day - every 2, 5-3 hours, with a break for 8 hours of sleep. However, the proportions by volume should be small - about 200-250 g, especially the first time after the disease has exacerbated.
All dishes are processed mechanically - practically all of them are used in pureed form. When the inflammation subsides, larger particles will appear in the food, but you need to chew the food thoroughly.
Since the entire body suffers from an insufficient supply of nutrients in pancreatitis, mustincrease the protein component of the diet (meat, fish, dairy products) - on average, up to 140-150 g protein per day.
Fats and carbohydrates, which put a lot of stress on the pancreas, are kept to a minimum, however. About 300 g of carbohydrates are given per day, fat - no more than 70-80 g.
Products with the Sokogonny effect - meat and fish broth, cabbage juice and broth - are removed from the diet. For the duration of a severe painful attack, under the supervision of a doctor, therapeutic fasting for a period of 1-2 days is recommended.
If you have pancreatitis, you need to drink more fluids.It is recommended to drink up to 2 liters of pure water per day, approximately every half hour, in order to take 2-3 sips of water throughout the day.
Of course, if you have pancreatitis, you must completely stop smoking and alcohol consumption. They are the most powerful seizure procateurs.
What can be excluded?
The list of prohibited foods gets very impressive and can be daunting at first. Without observing these restrictions, however, a very long relief can be expected. Gradually, you can carefully expand your diet, following the general principles of good nutrition.
For the entire acute period or the moment of exacerbation of the chronic process, the following must be excluded:
- Beetroot soup, cabbage soup and borscht, okroshka, meat soups, mushroom and fish broths, broths themselves;
- fatty meat - pork, lamb, goose and duck;
- offal - kidneys, heart, brain, liver;
- fried, smoked, salty and spicy dishes;
- canned food;
- sausages;
- oily fish (catfish, star sturgeon, carp); Caviar;
- Lard, margarine, mayonnaise;
- fatty milk dishes - cream, sour cream, koumiss;
- egg yolks, boiled eggs;
- millet, corn, barley, legumes side dishes;
- Cabbage, beets, radishes, radishes, rutabagas, eggplants, onions and garlic, sorrel, cucumbers, tomatoes and peppers;
- citrus fruits, apples (sour varieties), grapes, pomegranates, cranberries;
- chocolate, canned food;
- spicy fries, sauces, marinades, vinegar, ketchup;
- all carbonated drinks, including mineral water (you can only without gas);
- strong tea and coffee, juices, cocoa;
- all fresh baked goods and pastries, pancakes, cakes, shortbread biscuits.
As you can see, the list of restrictions is quite extensive, but this only applies for the duration of the acute process. Then you can gradually expand the diet, but annoying and "heavy" dishes have to be forgotten almost forever.
What can you eat?
This is the first question asked after reading the prohibited list. Of course, the diet isn't very varied, but it aims to keep the pancreas calm and relieve inflammation.
Allowed:
- Yesterday's dried bread, croutons;
- vegetable and noodle soups;
- steamed meat dishes and poultry - schnitzel, meatballs, rolls, pies, meat puree;
- boiled fish fillet (lean), baked fish, omelets;
- milk, cottage cheese, low-fat and mild cheese, kefir;
- vegetable and butter oils (in pulp);
- vegetable purees and stews, cooked vegetables;
- pasta, pasta made from cereals - oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat, rice;
- unsweetened baked fruits (pears, apples, peaches, plums);
- compote, jelly, jelly;
- Rosehip boilings, herbal teas, bran drink.
Of course, the diet is limited, but in consultation with your doctor you will gradually expand your menu.
Sample menu
It is worth remembering that this menu can be used at home when the exacerbation subsides, fasting and the gradual introduction of food in the acute stage of pancreatitis are prescribed. When creating a diet, keep this in mind: there should be at least five meals with approximately the same calorie content and digestive load.
Menu for pancreatitis for 5 days
First day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (no gas! ).
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken schnitzel - 100 g, omelette - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, zucchini puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, rose hip broth - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: fruit jelly - 100 g, fat-free cottage cheese - 100 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pieces, weak tea with milk, a slice of dark bread.
Second day
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge -200 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of tea with milk.
- Second breakfast: steamed beef schnitzel - 100 g, carrot soufflé - 200 g, dried white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml dried fruit compote.
- Lunch: noodle soup - 200 ml, boiled chicken - 100 g, vegetable puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, mineral water - 200 ml, half a baked pear.
- Afternoon snack: apple sauce - 200 g, still mineral water - 200 ml, cookies Maria - 100 g.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 200 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, a sandwich with cheese (30 g cheese, a piece of toasted bread), weak tea with milk, a slice of dark bread.
Third day
- Breakfast: Pumpkin and pumpkin puree - 100-150 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (no gas! ).
- Second breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, half a baked pear, dried white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml of compote.
- Lunch: broccoli soup - 200 ml, boiled meat, ground in mashed potatoes - 100 g, mashed potatoes - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, chamomile tea - 200 ml.
- Afternoon snack: vegetable stew - 200 g, cheese - 50 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge -200 g, kefir - 200 g, half a banana, a slice of white bread.
Fourth day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (no gas! ).
- Second breakfast: rice porridge - 200 g, dried white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, carrot puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, rose hip broth - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: omelette - 100 g, baked apple, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pieces, weak tea with milk, a slice of dark bread.
Fifth day
- Breakfast: oat flakes - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pieces, weak tea with milk, a slice of dark bread.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken schnitzel - 100 g, omelette - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: noodle soup - 200 ml, steamed fish chop - 100 g, pumpkin puree with carrots - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rose hip broth - 200 ml, Maria biscuits - 2 pieces
- Afternoon snack: baked fruit - 100 g, fat-free cottage cheese - 100 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still! ).
By following the advice of your doctor, strictly following your diet and following all prescriptions, relief can be achieved quickly. But a fairly strict diet with restriction on "heavy" foods will take 3 to 6 months. And then you have to constantly limit fat, fried foods, seasonings and canned foods.